Melanoma de íris, corpo ciliar e coroide em um cão da raça Poodle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
"Background: Melanoma is a primary ocular neoplasm that may affect the iris, ciliary body, the choroid coat and others components of the eye. The ocular melanomas have a low metastatic level in dogs when compared to cats. Old animals are more affected than the young ones and there is no breed predilection. A complete eye examination and ocular ultrasound will lead to the diagnosis that will be further confirmed through histopathology. Current treatment of choice is based on the size and the structures involved by the tumor that can range from local resection to orbital exenteration. The objective of this study is to report a case of iris melanoma involving the ciliary body and the choroid coat of a Poodle, emphasizing its clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment. Case: This study reports a case of an intact male canine Poodle, 15 years old, weighing 5 kg that was referred for care to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil. The owner initially presented a history of a progressive increase dark-colored intraocular volume in the right eye iris of the dog. On the clinical examination, no abnormality was found. On the ophthalmic examination, the right eye possessed misshapen pupil, hyperemia ocular conjunctiva (+) and diffuse corneal opacity (+) with paracentral pigmentation between 7-10 hour. On biomicroscopic examination, using a slit lamp, it was observed an iris distension that was protruding directly into the anterior chamber and a diffuse opacity of the lens. Intraocular pressure was eight mmHg. B-mode ultrasonography revealed a mass involving the iris, ciliary body and the choroid coat with perilesional retinal detachment, suggesting iris ciliary body and choroid melanoma. Due to the bad prognosis of the affected eye, the patient underwent to orbital exenteration procedure. The extracted eyeball was placed in 10% formalin and sent for histopathological examination, which was later reported as showing an iris melanoma involving the ciliary body and the choroid coat. The patient was re-examined six months postoperatively and no neoplasm recurrence signs were observed. Discussion: The animal stated in this report showed an increased volume of the right eye and dark pigmentation involving the iris. As highlighted by the actual literature, the size of this kind of neoplasm can vary from small to larger nodules and it can causes relevant anatomical changes. The pigmentation in these cases may vary from dark colors (black or brown) to white, for example, the amelanotic melanomas. In this report it was observed a nodular staining quite blackened pigmentation. This kind of cancer involves mainly not neutered male dogs, with breed predilection as the German shepherd dogs, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers and also Poodles, as reported in this case. The treatment suggested by the literature, can range from diode laser therapy to microsurgical resection with enucleation or exenteration, depending on the"
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".