The overrepresentation of Indigenous children under the Child and Family Services’ care
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The overrepresentation of Indigenous children under Child and Family Services (CFS) is a human rights issue. Currently, in Manitoba, Indigenous children make up approximately 90 percent of all the children apprehended and placed by CFS in foster care. Indigenous parents and leaders have sounded the alarm regarding this issue of an excessive number of their children being placed in foster care, away from their immediate families and communities. Government-sanctioned reports (see Appendix) indicate systematic failures within CFS, including allegations of racism, neglect and abuse. These reports also provide recommendations from Indigenous peoples’ perspectives to mitigate the number of children placed in foster care. Along with information derived from scholarly articles, this paper summarizes some of the findings in these government-sanctioned reports, including systematic failures of CFS, human rights concerns of Indigenous children in foster care, the importance of incorporating Indigenous laws, and four key recommendations from Indigenous leaders to mitigate the overrepresentation of Indigenous children under CFS care.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".