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Record W6996015391

Primeiras medidas de relâmpagos induzidos no Brasil

2003· dissertation· pt· W6996015391 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueBiblioteca Digital da Memória Científica do INPE (National Institute for Space Research) · 2003
Typedissertation
Languagept
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicLightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsNucleofectionLimitingWork (physics)Windage
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A imprevisibilidade do local a ser atingido por uma descarga atmosférica constitui a principal motivação para a pesquisa em relâmpagos induzidos. O conhecimento prévio da posição de um raio possibilita realizar medições que contribuem para um maior conhecimento da física associada às descargas atmosféricas, e também auxilia nas investigações sObre proteção contra relâmpagos. Existem duas técnicas básicas de indução de descargas através de foguetes que transportam fios condutores: (i) Método Clássico, em que o fio condutor é conectado ao solo e (ii) Método de Altitude, que utiliza um condutor não-aterrado. Para o presente trabalho de pesquisa, foram realizados lançamentos utilizando ambas as técnicas. O controle artificial de relâmpagos foi aplicado pioneiramente em latitudes tropicais no verão de 2000, no lNPE de Cachoeira Paulista (22°41,2 {Sul;} 44°59,0 Oeste e 625 m de altitude), a partir de esforços conjuntos de instituições do Brasil, França e Canadá. As principais finalidades foram medir parâmetros vinculados às descargas artificialmente iniciadas, tais como perfis de corrente e luminosidade, multiplicidade e duração de pulsos. Também se realizaram comparações com relâmpagos naturais. Ao todo, efetuaram-se 41 lançamentos de foguetes. O Método Clássico apresentou maior taxa de êxito (45%), enquanto o Método de Altitude obteve 27% de tiros bem-sucedidos. Concluiuse que, embora em outros campos de experimentos magnitudes menores de campos elétricos propiciem a indução, em Cachoeira Paulista o ideal é combinar campos estáticos de intensidade mínima de -8 kV/m a uma situação de atividade elétrica atmosférica moderada. Uma análise dos sistemas meteorológicos presentes durante os tiros efetuados constituiu a premissa para a conclusão de que as convecções locais são os sistemas mais apropriados à realização de lançamentos. Alguns dos principais parâmetros descritos pela literatura foram observados em relâmpagos clássicos: a corrente contínua inicial, a variação inicial de corrente e os intervalos de corrente nula. Em caráter inédito, foram obtidos resultados concomitantes de corrente, luminosidade, imagens com alta resolução temporal e campo elétrico para um relâmpago de altitude. A rede de sensores LPATS/IMPACT brasileira detectou 54% dos relâmpagos obtidos nas campanhas, apresentando baixa eficiência na obtenção da multiplicidade. Distinguiu-se uma tendência dos máximos de corrente serem maiores para descargas induzidas de maneira geral, em comparação com resultados de outros experimentos de iniciação artificial e também em relação a descargas naturais ocorridas durante as tempestades em que foram realizados os tiros. Entretanto, é preciso realizar novas investigações para alcançar resultados com significância estatística. ABSTRACT: The random nature of atmospheric discharges is the main motivation for the research on triggered lightning. The previous knowledge of the striking point of a lightning flash allows measurements that contribute both to the knowledge of the physics associated to atmospheric discharges and lightning protection investigations. There are two main induction techniques using rocket-and-wire systems: (i) the classical method, which involves a conductive trailing wire connected to the ground and (ii) the altitude method, which employs an ungrounded wire. Both techniques were applied in this work. The artificial initiation of atmospheric discharges was performed at INPE (S {22°41.2;} W {44°59.0;} altitude: 625 m) for the first time in tropical latitudes during the summer of 2000, due to combined efforts from institutions located in Brazil, France and Canada. The main objective of the present work was the measurement of induced discharges parameters, such as current and luminosity waveforms, multiplicity and duration of pulses. Comparisons with natural lightning were also performed. The 4 campaigns resulted in 41 rocket flights with success rates of 45% and 27% for the classical and the altitude techniques, respectively. Although many other triggering sites recorded weaker inducing static electric fields, it was observed in this experiment that electric fields with a minimum intensity of -8 kV/m, combined with moderate atmospheric activity, provided an ideal situation for launching. An overall analysis of the meteorological aspects revealed that local convections are the most appropriate systems for this lcind of experiment. Some of the main variables described by the literature were measured for classical flashes: the continuous initial current, the initial current variation and the no-current intervals. Simultaneous results on current, luminosity and electric field, accompanied by high-speed camera images were obtained for the first time for an altitude flash. The LPATS/11V1PACT Brazilian network detected 54% of the triggered flashes, and the multiplicity evaluation was unsatisfactory. There was a tendency for peak currents to be generally higher for triggered lightning, comparing both to other artificial lightning measurements and natural strokes that occurred during the storms present during the launchings. However, more triggering experiments are needed to statistically confirm these results.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.154
Threshold uncertainty score0.306

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.002
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.052
GPT teacher head0.351
Teacher spread0.299 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2003
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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