Restaurant Management as an Extreme Job: How Restaurant Managers are Motivated to Work in a Job Characterized by Long Hours and High Intensity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study explores whether restaurant management can be classified as an extreme job. Interviews were conducted with 15 restaurant managers working in independent restaurants in Ontario, Canada. The study found that 11 out of 15 managers were working an extreme job. These managers worked over 48 hours each week in fast-paced and unpredictable environments, held many responsibilities, and found it difficult to take time off work. Self-determination theory was used to discover that restaurant managers experience controlled motivation to work long hours and take on many responsibilities. Managers suggested that they do not want the fast-paced nature of their work to decrease but they would like to see their jobs become less physically and emotionally demanding. This research can be used by the restaurant industry to improve the design of restaurant manager jobs to ensure that managers are satisfied, engaged and less likely to leave their jobs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".