Yurisdiksi Dan Kewenangan Negara Dalam Menangani Unruly Passenger
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Unruly passenger dapat membahayakan keamanan dan keselamatan penerbangan. Konvensi Tokyo 1963 ditandatangani untuk menutupi celah yurisdiksi yang membuat unruly passengerterlepas dari tuntutan hukum. Jumlah kejadian unruly passengerberkembang pesat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terkait perkembangan industri penerbangan. Karena hukum yang ada masih memiliki celah, Konvensi Tokyo 1963 diamandemen. Hasil dari amandemen tersebut adalah Protokol Montreal 2014 dengan beberapa perubahan seperti yurisdiksi state of operator berdasarkan Pasal 83bisKonvensi Chicago 1944, state of landing, in-flight security officer (IFSO), dan the right of recourse. Unruly passenger sangat mungkin terjadi.Banyak kasus terkait unruly passenger di Indonesia.Hukum nasional suatu negara sangat penting bagi penerapan yurisdiksi. Beberapa pasal dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang Penerbangan mengatur terkait pelanggaran di dalam pesawat. Peraturan serupa juga terdapat dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Dalam menangani unruly passengers, Indonesiaperlu mengimplementasikan hukum nasionalnya berdasarkan konvensi-konvensi yang telah diratifikasi.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.048 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".