Adding Wavelength Shifter Molecules To The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis provides a detailed study of the benefits of adding wavelength shifter molecules (WLS) to the heavy water of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). Their absorption and re-emission spectra allow the conversion of ultraviolet C˘erenkov photons into longer wavelength photons, that would be more easily detected. Measurements of the optical properties of five candidates show that only two of them, Alexa Fluor and Carbostyril, are suitable. The analysis indicates that WLS would increase the number of detected photons, lead to more uniform distributions for the reconstructed position and energy, allow a larger fiducial volume and a lower energy threshold for the study of solar neutrinos. The goal is to determine whether adding WLS to SNO will allow a direct measurement of matter induced neutrino oscillations. Finally, a cosmic ray telescope has been developed and shows promising results for an independent measurement of the optical properties of WLS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".