Changements climatiques, chaleur accablante et « tempête parfaite » : les pratiques communautaires de soutien et de soin (care) aux populations vulnérables à la chaleur à Montréal en contexte d’austérité
Bibliographic record
Abstract
L'une des conséquences attendues du réchauffement climatique est l'augmentation de la fréquence et de l'intensité des vagues de chaleur, qui affectent particulièrement les populations urbaines défavorisées, marginalisées ou socialement isolées. En parallèle, les modèles néolibéraux de développement urbain (inégal) et les mesures d’austérité exacerbent davantage la vulnérabilité de ces groupes dans plusieurs villes du monde. Pareil contexte conduit à ce que certains ont caractérisé de « tempête parfaite » (perfect storm) pour décrire l'effet combiné d'un retrait de l'État de la prestation de services sociaux et d'une demande croissante pour ces services dont la fourniture est de plus en plus reléguée aux familles, aux entreprises privées et au tiers secteur. \nCe mémoire se penche sur les pratiques communautaires de soin (care) et de soutien social aux populations susceptibles d’être les plus touchées par les vagues de chaleur à Montréal, tout en tenant compte des contraintes et ambiguïtés de leur agentivité dans le contexte actuel d'austérité. Il s’appuie sur 17 entretiens semi-structurés conduits auprès de personnes (employé.es et citoyennes mobilisées) oeuvrant dans le milieu communautaire. En puisant des champs des disaster studies et des théories de l’éthique du care, nous examinons dans quelle mesure les acteurs et actrices du milieu communautaire agissent sur différents facteurs systémiques de vulnérabilité thermique. Cette recherche contribue ainsi aux travaux sur l’adaptation au changement climatique en explorant l’apport d’acteurs méconnus de l’adaptation tout en fournissant une perspective critique sur les effets combinés du réchauffement climatique et de l’austérité dans la production d’injustices socio-environnementales en milieu urbain. \n \nOne of the expected consequences of global warming is an increase in the frequency and intensity of heat waves, which particularly affect disadvantaged, marginalized or socially isolated urban populations. Meanwhile, neoliberal (uneven) urban development and austerity measures further exacerbate the vulnerability of these groups in many cities around the world. This context leads to what some have characterized a "perfect storm" to describe the combined effect of a withdrawal of the state from social service provision and a growing demand for these services, which are increasingly downloaded onto families, private businesses and the third sector. \nThis master thesis examines community practices of care and social support for populations likely to be most affected by heat waves in Montreal, while taking into account the limitations and ambiguities of their agency in the current context of austerity. It is based on 17 semi-structured interviews conducted with employees of local community organizations and mobilized citizens. Drawing from the fields of disaster studies and care ethics theory, we examine the extent to which community actors act on different systemic drivers of heatwave vulnerability. This research thus contributes to the field of climate change adaptation by exploring the contribution of actors that tend to be overlooked, while providing a critical perspective on the combined effects of global warming and austerity in the production of socio-environmental injustices in Montreal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".