Dynamic performance of cemented rockfill under blast-induced vibrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this thesis, a new methodology for the design of CRF under static and dynamic loading conditions is developed. First a comprehensive literature review of the backfill material is accomplished which included a review of CRF operations and laboratory testing programs. This is followed by a review of numerical modelling studies performed on CRF. Based on the findings from literature review, two numerical models for CRF are developed using FLAC3D code. One of the models considers stopes to be inclined at about 67 degrees and the other considers vertical stopes. The numerical models are then used to study different aspects of CRF practice including the loading conditions, blast-induced vibrations from adjacent production stopes, vertical block mining method, CRF properties, CRF placement method and segregation. A case study mine CRF model is then constructed in accordance with site conditions and the geomechanical data provided by the mine. The case study mine numerical model is calibrated with in-situ stress measurements previously conducted at the case study mine. Mining and backfilling sequence is simulated with the calibrated model and the secondary stope is mined out in three lifts. In-situ blast vibration monitoring experiment in CRF is performed at the case study mine. Two geophones are installed: one inside CRF and the other on the surface of the CRF, and all three production blasts of the adjacent secondary stope are recorded. The detailed procedure, installation and results are presented in the thesis. The results are also used for numerical model calibration. To calculate damping coefficient for the model and blast load magnitude an equivalent cavity model is constructed. The equivalent cavity model is applied with reduced borehole pressure and the model is compared with charge-weight scaling law. The blast load and damping coefficients are extracted from equivalent cavity model and applied as input parameters for the CRF model. The numerical model is calibrated using blast load and damping coefficients obtained from the equivalent cavity model by computing the blast vibrations at a location similar to the one on site. The model is calibrated for all three blast lifts and results are presented. Finally, a CRF failure control study is carried out which encompasses the base case scenario of a planned stope at the case study mine, selective mining strategy for mining high grade ore, strategy of leaving an ore skin, tactically varying CRF properties vertically in CRF. In addition a parametric study is conducted to improve CRF stability by varying CRF properties and possible trends are presented. All results compare static loading versus blast loading scenario on CRF. The results include comparison of backfill stresses and profiles of peak particle velocity. Results of all analyses are presented along with the findings, conclusions, suggestions for future work and statement of contribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".