Energy optimization of a geothermal heat-pump system through dynamic system simulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The sustainable principle of the “three-pillar-model” containing ecologic, economic and social targets, pursues three strategies to realize sustainability in the long term. Those strategies are made up of the principle of efficiency, consistency and sufficiency. A great number of the burgeoning sustainability movements focus on promising potential in the consistency and sufficiency strategies. In general, the potential of efficiency in industrialized countries, like Germany, is classified as well-developed while the phenomenon of a performance gap is rising. The performance gap describes the discrepancy between the intended, desired building performance and the actual, observed performance. [1] The building sector in Germany, responsible for 40 % of total end energy use, holds a great potential for energy savings [2]. At the level of the building services of an edifice the code DIN 18599 indicates the thermal energy demand. [3] Studying the extension of the International Airport in Calgary, this master thesis investigates the effects of an energy optimization of the airport’s geothermal heat-pump system. Its subsystems are divided into two categories. The first category is defined by fixed parameters that must be set at the beginning of the design process of a building system, as they cannot be changed throughout the life of the building. Conversely, the adjustable category is determined by components of the building system that can be adjusted by the control strategy of the subsystem or even through a replacement of single components on a reasonable effort basis. The two categories will be investigated by changing individual characteristic values of the components in the subsystem for each optimization variant. Through the evaluation of the two classifications, the influence of the categories on the aspect of energy efficiency and the service life of a geothermal heat-pump system are going to be clarified. Furthermore, this master thesis endeavors to emphasize which of the two categories of optimization variants has a bigger energy savings and longevity potential. This energy analysis is performed through a dynamic system simulation with the software TNRSYS. The parametric values of the geothermal field are the undisturbed ground temperature, the architecture of the geothermal borehole pipes, the thermal conductivity of the ground, the medium in the geothermal loop and the balance of the building load of the system. The category for variable components includes the control strategy of the hydraulic separators, the power of the heat-pump/chiller component, the mass flow in the loops, as well as the heat transfer effectiveness of the plate heat exchangers. The variants are evaluated according to the non-renewable primary energy demand and the number of system changes of the building services. The category of the fixed parameters of the geothermal field mainly influences the demand of non-renewable primary energy, especially depending on the implemented borehole pipes and the thermal ground conductivity. The adjustable components of the building system influence both factors, above all depending on the performance of the heat-pump and the hydraulic separators. All in all, the adjustable components have a wider array of effects on the system.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".