"I have to put my own mask on first, but I can't": facilitators and barriers to mental health service use in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience elevated stress and poor mental health compared to parents of neurotypical children and children with other neurodevelopmental disabilities. Yet, these parents access mental health services at low rates, and information on barriers and facilitators to mental health service use is scarce. This study examined facilitators and barriers for accessing mental health support for parents of children with ASD in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Method: Two separate but related studies were conducted. Data were collected through 1) an online survey (N = 44) to quantify descriptive characteristics of those accessing and not accessing services, and 2) individual interviews (N = 10) with parents on mental health service use experiences. Results: Quantitative results indicated the majority of parents had accessed mental health services (N = 32), with the most common facilitator the belief that they needed them. For parents who did not access (N = 12) the most frequently reported barrier was having no time/energy. Parents, ‘on average’, reported clinically significant levels of parenting stress. Qualitative results generated themes related to barriers (lack of time, services, cost, flexibility, stigma, negative social influence) and facilitators (information gathering, advertisements, self-realization, accessibility, positive social influences). Impact: This study aimed to advance empirical knowledge on mental health service use in parents of children diagnosed with ASD. The results can inform targeted interventions and program development at organizations supporting families of children with ASD, having indirect implications for lower parental stress and improved child outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".