Large caenagnathids (Dinosauria, Oviraptorosauria) from the uppermost Cretaceous of western Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Large caenagnathid unguals are described from the Dinosaur Park (upper Campanian) and Frenchman (Maastrichtian) formations of Alberta and Saskatchewan, respectively. The latter constitutes the first formal description of Caenagnathidae from the Frenchman Formation. The Saskatchewan material is also notable for its large size, comparable to 'Anzu wyliei' from the coeval Hell Creek Formation, placing them among the largest caenagnathids from North America. The slightly smaller Dinosaur Park unguals may pertain to either 'Caenagnathus collinsi' (a taxon for which manual material is only tentatively known) or to an as yet unidentified large taxon. The new material demonstrates that despite an apparent reduction in diversity in the Maastrichtian, North American caenagnathid distribution did not retract notably from its Campanian maximum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".