Linajes paternos del ganado vacuno Holstein Friesian criado en Ecuador
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Holstein Friesian cattle breed (Bos taurus) is predominant in dairy farming in Ecuador. The objective of this research was to analyze the genealogical information of the registered Holstein Friesian bull population in Ecuador to determine the paternal ancestors and their representation in the current male population, and to describe the historical variations between 1936-2021 and the effective population size. The national milk control database was evaluated (n=30,335 males), with 19,799 born and registered. Descriptive statistics were performed using the SPSS-v26 program. The contribution of ancestors from the reference population (males born between 2011-2021), inbreeding, and effective population size were evaluated using the ENDOG program. A total of 2,702 national and imported bulls were reported, where 92.97% were from Ecuador, with 52.04% corresponding to the current population. It was observed that, in general, there are more Ecuadorian bulls, with a lower average number of offspring compared to the USA, Canada, and the Netherlands. In a total of 32 ancestors, 75% of the genetic diversity was found, with an effective size of Ne=88.86 and ΔF=0.55%. The Neptune and Hulleman lineages are predominant. The bull PAWNEE FARM ARLINDA CHIEF from the Neptune lineage introduced a lethal gene causing spontaneous abortions and low fertility. Carlin-M Ivanhoe Bell is a carrier of BLAD (Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency) and CVM (Complex Vertebral Malformation). The frequency (6.41%) of the ancestor Penstate Ivanhoe Star (carrier of CMV) was high compared to other countries. The paternal lineages in Holstein Friesian are mainly limited to two origins, and during the period included in this study (1936-2021), these two lineages replaced the others until they were extinguished. There is evidence of the need to conduct studies to determine carriers of lethal or deleterious alleles associated with lineages that make up the Holstein population and to establish proper management
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".