Numerical Investigations of the Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer and Construction of Control System for the Canadian Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactor Power Plant
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canada participated in the Generation IV nuclear reactors with the Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactor (SCWR) concept. This work focuses on the numerical studies of the fluid flow and heat transfer of the supercritical water in the nuclear reactor fuel bundle, and the construction of the linear dynamic model and the design of the control system for the Canadian SCWR power plant.\nFirstly, the fluid flow and heat transfer of the supercritical water in the vertical tube and the rod bundle is numerically investigated to evaluate whether the existing turbulent models could successfully caption the wall temperature variations at supercritical conditions by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data. The turbulent models that have better performance are modified using a variable turbulent Prandtl number model. The application of the proposed turbulence model shows a great improvement in the prediction of the wall temperatures under supercritical conditions. Accordingly, the full-scale simulation of the fluid flow and heat transfer of the supercritical water flow in the reactor fuel rod bundle was performed by the proposed turbulent model. The results show that the circumferential cladding surface temperature distribution is extremely non-uniform and the maximum cladding surface temperature for each fuel rod also shows large differences. In addition, the effects of operating conditions on the heat transfer of upward supercritical water flow in the reactor fuel bundle are studied numerically. The wall temperatures generally increase with the increase in the inlet temperature, heat flux, or the decrease in the mass flux. Buoyancy-affected zones mainly exist at the region around the pseudocritical temperature.\nIn this work, the design of the feedback control system for the SCWR is also carried out. The dynamic relationships between inputs and outputs of the reactor are obtained through transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The designed feedback control system can regulate the reactor back to the design point timely. Finally, a linear dynamic model for the entire SCWR power plant is developed, which includes the reactor, feedwater pump, outlet plenum, main steam line, turbine, and condenser. The dynamic characteristics of the system and the steady-state interaction between different inputs and outputs of the system are analyzed. The control system for the SCWR power plant is constructed and the performance of the control system is satisfactory.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".