Personal cross-examination of the complainant by the defendant in rape trials : a critical and comparative analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis seeks to address an issue which, until relatively recently, has been neglected in this jurisdiction. The central aim of this research is to consider the issue of personal crossexamination of the complainant by the defendant in rape and sexual offence trials and the potential for prohibiting such cross-examination in this Jurisdiction. In Ireland, a defendant in a rape or sexual offence trial may waive his right to legal representation in favour of selfrepresentation and in doing so, may personally cross-examine a complainant. While other aspects of the rape trial have received significant attention and consequently have been the subject of extensive discussion, debate and reform, this issue is one which remains in need of further consideration in this jurisdiction. This is surprising, particularly due to the fact that the practice of personal cross-examination in rape cases has already been prohibited in many other common law jurisdictions, including England and Wales, New South Wales, New Zealand and Canada ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.045 | 0.138 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".