Purchasing Managers in Manufacturing Remain Optimistic About the Sector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ORANGE, CA -Based on a survey of purchasing managers, the California Composite Index, measuring overall manufacturing activity in the state, increased from 60.5 in the fourth quarter of 2020 to 61.4 in the first quarter of 2021.This indicates that the manufacturing sector continues on a path of growth in spite of the heightened state of COVID-19 infections nationwide and in California in particular."The California manufacturing sector will continue to grow in the first quarter of 2021, reaching nearly the same level of 61.6 that it had in the fourth quarter of 2019.The recovery that was forecast for the fourth quarter of 2020 in our last report did take place as evidenced by the increase in employment in the sector," said Dr. Raymond Sfeir, director of the purchasing managers' survey.Production, new orders, and employment are expected to increase in the first quarter.Moreover, commodity prices are expected to rise at the highest level since the third quarter of 2018.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".