The strategic use of private property in a rangelands environment: The political ecology of pastoralist land use dynamics and property rights in Laikipia County, Kenya
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis explores the unintended effects of land subdivision in a semi-arid rangelands environment in Laikipia County, Kenya.It is argued that property relations where multiple types of property exist side by side are complex, especially where adjacent land users are engaged in different production strategies (i.e., mobile livestock production vs. stationary boundaries of private ranches).It is argued that the state of private property represented by subdivided areas occupied and used by pastoralists in Laikipia fails to perform according to widely held assumptions of private property theory.Rather than creating inviolable boundaries, the introduction of small-scale property in this environment has created opportunities for the overflow of land user activities across property boundaries.Often, rather than one form of property replacing another, property types are combined by land users.Instead of replacing common property as an institution, private property is added to a repertoire of property types that allows flexible access to pasture by pastoralists.In this case, private property becomes the enabling factor in perpetuating common property arrangements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".