The taxonomic, palaeoecologic and biogeographic importance of the Late Ordovician Laurentian ostracod fauna of the Girvan District, SW Scotland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ostracods form a numerically important component of certain Late Ordovician faunas of the Girvan district, southwest Scotland. Fifty-two ostracod taxa are identified, including twenty-three discussed in open nomenclature, and seventeen species that are considered as nomen dubia. The fauna reveals new and important data bearing on the biostratigraphic, palaeogeographic and palaeoecologic significance of the Girvan Lower Palaeozoic succession. Much of the Ordovician ostracod fauna of the Girvan district preserved in clastic deposits represents transported material. However, those ostracods from the early Katian Craighead Limestone Formation define shallow marine and open marine faunas respectively. The Girvan ostracods include many short-ranging species which are useful for inter-regional correlation of the Late Ordovician succession of Scotland and North America; these include Hippula ventrospinosa, Balticella deckeri, Eurychilina sunbloodensis and Baltonotella parsispinosa which characterize Sandbian age strata, and Kinnekullea comma which is typical for the Katian (anceps graptolite Biozone). Biogeographically most of the Girvan fauna is typically of North American aspect at the species level but from the early Katian onwards shows generic links with Baltica and Avalonia. The spatial and temporal distribution patterns of the Girvan Late Ordovician ostracod fauna are assessed in the context of the entire Late Ordovician Laurentian ostracod assemblage particularly for the Sandbian interval, where ostracod diversity was highest at species and genus level. Multivariate analysis demonstrates that geography had the strongest control on the global distribution of Ordovician benthic ostracods. Within Laurentia Sandbian ostracods show striking inter-basinal endemism at species level, ranging from 25% endemic in the Foxe Basin of the Franklin district, Canada to 75% in the Michigan basin. This pattern of endemism is common in other benthic groups such as brachiopods, and may indicate rapid speciation in microhabitats. Despite the strong overprint of local endemism, pan-continental faunal differences are noticed between the midcontinent and marginal Laurentian ostracod assemblages that are confirmed by multivariate analysis, and these allow the demarcation of a ‘Midcontinent’ and a southern ‘Marginal’ province for the Sandbian. Ostracod assemblages of the two provinces appear to have been controlled by physical parameters such as temperature and salinity which are related to water depth and latitude.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".