Airfield Manual: Field Guide to the Transformation of Abandoned Airports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
focus of intensive research and scholarship, articulated through a range of courses, exhibitions, conferences, and publications.The School recently published a definitive volume on the subject, Airport Landscape: Urban Ecologies in the Aerial Age (2016), co-edited by Prof. Sonja Dümpelmann and the Office for Urbanization's founding director Prof. Charles Waldheim.This publication of Airfield Manual: Field Guide to the Transformation of Abandoned Airports builds directly upon the knowledge produced through the Airport Landscape conference, exhibition, and catalog, as well as the research of Professors Dümpelmann and Waldheim.The Airfield Manual compiles case study strategies and best practices for the conversion of decommissioned airports for a variety of new uses.Written for an audience of civic, business, and political leaders as well as for directors of aviation, engineers, and managers, Airfield Manual offers an executive summary of the issues and options attendant to the ownership, management, deactivation, and decommissioning of the airport site.The first half of the Manual describes five discrete strategies for the responsible transformation of the airport site through adaptation, conservation, conversion, redevelopment, and regrowth.The second half of the Manual describes in greater technical and operational detail the tools and techniques available for the transformation of the airport site relative to its hydrology and ecology, infrastructure and engineering.Since the advent of powered flight over a century ago thousands of airports have been built around the world.The majority of these facilities have been planned for sites close to rapidly growing cities in North America and Europe.Given the rapid growth of air travel that paralleled the great expansion of cities over the course of the previous century, many airports have become obsolete and subsequently abandoned.Reasons for this include insufficient size of facilities, location in sites that became unfavorable for airport operations, decommissioning of military uses, and the functional outmoding of buildings.In Europe alone there are over 750 abandoned airports; in North America there are over 1,000. 1 The abandonment of airports is a pervasive phenomenon worldwide that is more likely to accelerate before it abates.Over the next decade, hundreds of urban airports will cease operations.What will become of these vast, valuable, and very complex sites-many of them in the center of cities-once they are redundant for air travel?retention areas, meadows), precise technical surfaces (runways, aprons, taxiways, parking lots), and numerous buildings for aviation activities (terminals, control towers, hangars).This broader understanding of the airfield implicates systems, networks, and connections, in addition to the visible features and structures on the site.The design-and redesign-of an airfield therefore comprises not only aviation activity but touches on a broader set of issues that implicate sites and subjects far beyond the airport itself.Airfield Manual aims to fill a current gap in the available knowledge on the topic, where there is an absence of in-depth studies of the transformation of airports.Airfield Manual illustrates case studies, strategies, and best practices for the conversion of abandoned airports to a variety of new uses, from public parks and ecological corridors to energy farms and new urban districts.It is a field guide to the transformation of abandoned, decommissioned, underutilized, and deactivated airports.The aims of the Airfield Manual are twofold.First, it illustrates strategies for diversifying airfield operations and preparing airfields for transformation.Second, it provides a set of tools and techniques to guide the design and planning process for such a transformation. North America
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.258 | 0.165 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".