The Boundaries of Identity: The Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Nationalism, and the «Ris med» ("non-sectarian") Identity in the Tibetan Diaspora
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines the complex process by which Tenzin Gyatso (Bstan 'dzin rgya mtsho), the fourteenth Dalai Lama, has publicly and consciously sought to rise above traditional structures of sectarianism in order to forge a coherent Tibetan identity in exile. As the self-proclaimed political and spiritual leader of the Tibetan people, the Dalai Lama, as well as the Central Tibetan Administration (CTA), has frequently de-emphasized his Dge lugs pa sectarian affiliations, instead employing a mode of "non-sectarian" representation. I argue in this thesis that this "non-sectarianism" can be historically traced back to the nineteenth century ris med ("non-bias" or "non-sectarian") movement, a trend spearheaded in the eastern region of Khams, Tibet. In this way, the current Dalai Lama's efforts to unify Tibet under a rubric that delineates a non-sectarian identity, indeed parallels an earlier moment in the story of Tibet, one that was equally unstable and yet central to the historical narrative of Khams. Employing a historical and textual analysis based on primary and secondary sources, this thesis is a study of the fourteenth Dalai Lama's appropriation of the historical ris med model, and an investigation of the techniques and modes of "non-sectarian" representation adopted and disseminated by this leader and his administration-in-exile. It investigates the implications of the Dalai Lama's ris med identity on the larger project of ideological nation building in the Tibetan context, and explores how, "non-sectarianism" becomes decidedly sectarian in its desire to imagine a homogeneous and unified Tibet in exile.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".