CIE whiteness assessment of papers : impact of LED illumination
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
White LED sources have been developed as replacements for various indoor lighting systems. The impact of this LED illumination for various colorimetric applications has been generally considered in terms of its colour rendering index (CRI). However, for certain applications, such as the whiteness assessment of papers, this performance metric is insufficient since it only considers the spectral power distribution (SPD) in the visible range. To improve the appearance and commercial value of white paper, papermakers often use fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) which absorb in the near-UV and emit in the blue region. The shape and intensity of this added fluorescent light depend critically on the SPD of the irradiating source in both the UV and visible wavelength regions. This paper discusses the impact of these white LED sources for whiteness assessment of a representative fluorescent white paper sample by comparing the calculated total radiance factors and CIE whiteness with results provided under CIE and ISO reference illumination conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it