Characterization of Common Cartoid Artery Geometry and its Impact on Velocity Profile Shape
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clinical and engineering studies of carotid artery disease typically assume that the\ncommon carotid artery (CCA), proximal to the bifurcation, is relatively straight enough to\nassume fully-developed flow. However, a recent study from our group (Ford et al)\nshowed the surprising presence, in vivo, of strongly skewed velocity profiles in mildly\ncurved CCAs. In this thesis we aim to understand how CCA geometry affects velocity\nprofile skewing.\nThe left and right normal CCAs of 32 participants (62±13 yrs), randomly chosen\nfrom NIH’s VALIDATE study (N~450) were digitally segmented from aortic root to\nbifurcation. It was shown that each segmented CCA could be divided into nominal\ncervical and thoracic region and that each region could be approximated by planar\ncircular arches. Subsequent CFD simulations of CCA parametric models suggested\nstrong velocity profile skewing both at the inlet and outlet of cervical segment and the\neffect of various geometric parameters were investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".