Effects of seed sources and fungi on ectomycorrhizal formation and growth of containerized tamarack seedlings / by Hong Zhu. --
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the host specificity of \nmycorrhizal fungi to tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch.) in pure culture synthesis and to examine the effects of seed sources and fungal species on the ectomycorrhizal formation and growth of containerized tamarack seedlings in a greenhouse. Of nine mycorrhizal fungi tested in pure culture synthesis, Cenococcum qeophilum, Laccaria laccata, Laccaria proxima, Hebeloma crustuliniforme and Pisolithus tinctorius demonstrated their ability to develop ectomycorrhizae with tamarack. Amanita porphyria, Rhizopogon vinicolor, Suillus qranulatus and S. tomentosus failed to form ectomycorrhizae. The number of confirmed mycorrhizal symbionts of tamarack has been increased from three, previously known, to seven from the results of the pure culture synthesis. \nContainerized seedlings of tamarack, representing four provenances and 17 \nopen-pollinated families in Ontario, were inoculated with vegetative inocula of four fungal species in the greenhouse. During an 18-week period, L. laccata, P. tinctorius, and C. geophilum formed ectomycorrhizae with 60, 12 and 7% of the total feeder roots, respectively. Suillus qranulatus failed to produce any mycorrhizae. The mycorrhizal formation was strongly governed by the seed sources and seed source x fungus interactions. The greatest difference in mycorrhizal formation by L. laccata was 20% between provenances and 32% between families. Seedlings inoculated with L. laccata exhibited the best growth in diameter, shoot volume and \ndry weight. The developrrient of root systems was differentially affected by \ndifferent fungal inoculations. Feeder root proliferation was stimulated by C. \ngeophilum, and lateral root growth was inhibited by L. laccata. Significant \nprovenance effects were also found in shoot height and root descriptive variables. Although the effects of family-within-provenance were significant in most of the seedling traits, family variation was generally not constant, varying with fungal inoculations. Genetic correlations were positive between lateral root and shoot traits and between feeder root frequency and mycorrhizal formation but negative between lateral root and mycorrhizal formation. \nIt is recommended that L. laccata is a suitable fungal species and C. geophilum, H. crustulinlforme, L. proxima and P. tinctorius are potential fungi for mycorrhizal inoculation of containerized seedlings of tamarack. This study reinforces the concept that seed sources should be tested with target fungi before a wide scale mycorrhizal inoculation is conducted.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".