Les effets de la politique étrangère américaine sur la démocratisation du Moyen-Orient : le cas du Middle East Partnership Initiative
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis focuses on the effects of American foreign policy on the “democratization” of the Middle East in the post-September-2001 period. The author examines the case of the Middle East Partnership Initiative, a democracy assistance program created in 2002 within the context of the vast democracy promotion campaign undertaken by the Bush administration in response to the attacks of September 11, 2001. Following a theoretical analysis of the elements related to the process of democratization and a retrospective of democracy promotion in the recent history of the United States, the author introduces the different aspects of President Bush's new pro-democracy rhetoric, known as the Freedom Agenda. In describing and analyzing MEPI's programs, evolution and priorities, as well as its main shortcomings and challenges ahead, the author demonstrates that the positive effects of such democratization programs are difficult to show as there have been few “real” democratic advancements in the Middle East so far.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".