Mercaderes, dioses y beduinos : (el sistema de autoridad en Arabia preislámica)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Este libro explica cómo el árabe preislámico entendía y se comportaba ante la autoridad política. El autor ha aplicado el análisis weberiano que descompone a la sociedad en tres, niveles interrelacionados: valores ideales, intereses materiales y una orientación fundamental del hombre hacia un conjunto de normas (tipos de dominación). Si bien tanto la sociedad beduina como la sedentaria de la Meca están regidas por el estrecho marco social del tribalismo, se combinan las tres variables aludidas y el valor supremo elegido determina concepción y comportamiento ante la autoridad. Asimismo, se investiga el posible origen religioso de la tradición y de la autoridad. Dentro de este cuadro social surgió el Islam como una sociedad poseedora de nuevos valores. Manuel Ruiz es profesor e investigador de El Colegio de México. Ha realizado estudios especializados sobre civilización islámica en la Universidad de McGill y sobre Medio Oriente antiguo en el Pontificio Instituto Bíblico.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".