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Record W7011451732

Mechanisms underlying netrin-1 mediated chemoattraction

2015· dissertation· en· W7011451732 on OpenAlexfundno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2015
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicPrenatal Screening and Diagnostics
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersFonds de Recherche du Québec - SantéCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchKillam Trusts
KeywordsNetrinGrowth coneAxonAxon guidanceFilopodiaSemaphorinGuanine nucleotide exchange factorEphrinSynapse
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Establishing synaptic connections between neurons that make up the circuitry of the brain is a crucial part of early neural development.During this process, neurons must extend their axons over long distances until they reach their appropriate synaptic targets.The trajectories taken by extending axons are determined by molecular cues that guide axon growth.Through its receptor Deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC), netrin-1 is a secreted guidance molecule that can act as an attractant for migrating cells and axons in the developing nervous system.Although both netrin-1 and DCC are required for normal development, the precise molecular mechanisms that are responsible for netrin-1 mediated axon guidance remain poorly understood.This thesis examines the mechanisms involved in the attractive response to netrin-1 signalling.We begin by addressing the role of Src family kinases (SFKs) in the extension of spinal commissural axons to the ventral midline in the developing spinal cord, a process that is highly dependent on netrin-1.Although SFKs have previously been implicated in netrin-1 signalling downstream of DCC, we report that deleting the expression of either SFK members Fyn or Src does not disrupt normal commissural axon guidance in vivo.We also examined the signal transduction mechanisms involved in activating the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1 in the guidance of axons to netrin-1.Here, we demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Pix, which can activate Cdc42 and Rac1, is involved in filopodia extension and growth cone expansion induced by netrin-1.We also implicate Pix function in commissural axon extension to the ventral midline.Finally, we investigated the functional significance of the netrin-1 gradient in the proper guidance of spinal commissural axons during embryogenesis.By genetically manipulating netrin-1 expression in vivo, we determined that a graded distribution of netrin-1 is required to accurately attract spinal commissural neurons to the ventral midline and form the spinal commissure early in development.Together, these studies provide insight into the mechanisms that regulate netrin-1 chemoattraction and may provide strategies to promote axon regeneration following injury. RÉSUMÉÉtablir des connexions synaptiques entre les neurones qui composent les circuits du cerveau est une partie cruciale du développement neuronal précoce.Au cours de ce processus, les neurones doivent étendre leurs axones sur de longues distances jusqu'à ce qu'ils atteignent les cibles synaptiques appropriées.Les trajectoires prises par les axones sont déterminées par des signaux moléculaires qui guident la croissance axonale.Grâce à son récepteur « Deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) », la molécule de guidage sécrétée nétrine-1 fonctionne en tant que signal attractif pour les cellules et les axones en migration lors du développement du système nerveux.Bien que la nétrine-1 et le récepteur DCC soient nécessaires pour le développement normal, les mécanismes moléculaires précis, responsables pour le guidage de la croissance axonale médié par la nétrine-1, restent mal compris.Cette thèse porte sur l'étude des mécanismes impliqués dans les fonctions attractives de la nétrine-1.Nous commençons par aborder le rôle des kinases de la famille Src (SFK) dans le prolongement des axones commissuraux à la ligne médiane de la partie ventrale de la moelle épinière en développement, un processus qui est très dépendant de la nétrine-1.Bien que d'autres études aient impliqués les SFK dans la signalisation de la nétrine-1 par l'entremise de DCC, nous démontrons que la suppression de l'expression des SFK Fyn ou Src ne perturbe pas le guidage normal des axones commissuraux in vivo.Nous avons également examiné les voies de signalisation impliquées dans l'activation des GTPases Rho Cdc42 et Rac1 dans le guidage des axones à la nétrine-1.Nous démontrons que le facteur d'échange de nucléotide guanine (GEF) Pix, qui peut activer Cdc42 et Rac1, est impliqué dans l'extension de filopodes et l'expansion du cône de croissance induites par la nétrine-1.Nous établissons également un rôle de Pix dans le prolongement des axones commissuraux à la ligne médiane ventrale.Enfin, nous avons étudié l'importance fonctionnelle du gradient de nétrine-1 dans le guidage des axones commissuraux de la colonne vertébrale au cours de l'embryogenèse.En manipulant génétiquement l'expression de la nétrine-1 in vivo, nous apportons la preuve qu'une distribution graduelle de nétrine-1 est nécessaire pour attirer précisément les neurones 4 commissuraux de la colonne vertébrale à la ligne médiane et pour former la commissure de la colonne vertébrale tôt dans le développement.Collectivement, ces données permettent de mieux comprendre les mécanismes qui régulent la chimioattraction de la nétrine-1 et peuvent fournir des stratégies visant à promouvoir la régénération axonale suite à une lésion.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.006

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.049
GPT teacher head0.301
Teacher spread0.253 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2015
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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