Observations of the Circumstellar Water 110-->101 and Ammonia 10-->00 Lines in IRC +10216 by the Odin Satellite
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Submillimeter lines of H 2 O and NH 3 have been detected in the carbon star IRC +10216 (CW Leo) with the Odin submillimeter satellite.The detection of the J K À ; K þ ¼ 1 10 ! 1 01 557 GHz line of ortho-H 2 O confirms the earlier detection in the same source with SWAS.The detection of the J K ¼ 1 0 !0 0 572 GHz line represents the first observation of the ground-state rotational transition of NH 3 in a stellar envelope.By fitting a molecular line transfer model to the observed lines, we derive an ortho-H 2 O abundance of 2:4 ; 10 À6 , which is consistent with estimates from the SWAS observation.The derived ortho-NH 3 abundance of 1 ; 10 À6 relative to H 2 is significantly higher than those derived from 24 GHz inversion transitions and is slightly higher than those from vibrational transitions in the infrared band.The high H 2 O and NH 3 abundances in the carbon-rich star IRC +10216 underscore shortcomings in the conventional gas-phase LTE and non-LTE chemical models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".