Opioid Deaths and the Availability of Rehab Beds In Facilities Serving Persons with Addictions: Cleveland, 2016 and First Quarter 2017
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deaths from opioids, specifically heroin and fentanyl, have been increasing at alarming rates nationally, in Ohio, and in Cuyahoga County. Cleveland.com reports that the Cuyahoga County Medical Examiner asserts that “Cuyahoga County is still on pace to far exceed last year's (2016) record number of heroin and fentanyl overdose deaths after seeing an increase in April (2017)”. The Medical Examiner’s Office also reports that there is an increasing number of African American fatalities due to fentanyl. In 2016, 72 of the 544 deaths (13.2%) from heroin and fentanyl were African Americans; in the first quarter of 2017, 31 of 146 such deaths (21.2%) were Black.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".