RELATIVE ABUNDANCE AND HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS OF LEAST BITTERNS (Ixobrychus exilis) AT LONG POINT, LAKE ERIE, ONTARIO
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Least Bittern is a threatened species in Canada, with an estimated 1500 breeding pairs. I estimated relative abundance and determined habitat associations of Least Bitterns at Long Point, Lake Erie, Ontario. I conducted call-broadcast point counts during 2008 and 2009 with 96 and 197 individual Least Bitterns detected, respectively. I estimated 195 pairs of Least Bitterns at Long Point and 1434 pairs in coastal wetlands of the Canadian lower Great Lakes. Habitat assessments identified percent cover of Cattail and Bulrush, and number of dead Cattail stems as the best predictors of Least Bittern presence. Interspersion and percent cover of Cattail and Bulrush influenced relative abundance at the survey station scale. The estimated number of breeding pairs in Canada is potentially biased low. Point counts should be continued to increase our understanding of Least Bittern ecology. I recommend managing wetlands to increase the amount of Cattail and interspersion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".