Stachybotrys chartarum spore extracts and their effects on surfactant protein expression and surfactant quantity and quality in fetal rat lung epithelial cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
S. chartarum spores are prevalent in buildings affected by flooding and have been tied to occurrences of pulmonary hemosiderosis in infants in Cleveland, Ohio, several years ago. Rationale: Past studies have focused on the effects of S. chartarum spores on surfactant in terms of composition and quantity and very little has been done to investigate the effects of S. chartarum extracts on surfactant protein expression in the fetal lung. Methods: Spore extracts were incubated with cultures of human lung A549 cells, fetal rat lung type II and fibroblast cells. MTT formazan assays analyzed cell viability. The expression of surfactant protein A and surfactant protein B was assessed using western blotting results. Captive bubble surfactometry investigated the quality of surfactant in terms of surface tension and bubble volume. Electron microscopy examined changes in cellular structure of treated cells. Conclusions: Exposure to S. chartarum extracts had negative effects on cell viability, expression of surfactant proteins A and B and the production and quality of pulmonary surfactant. Spore associated changes were apparent in the lamellar bodies of fetal rat lung alveolar type II, and human A549 cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".