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Record W7015566351

Traitement de matériaux contaminés : Développement de traitements sur site par des méthodes physico-chimiques et de réactions d’oxydation chimique.

2021· dissertation· fr· W7015566351 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueEspaceINRS Institutional Digital Repository (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique) · 2021
Typedissertation
Languagefr
FieldEngineering
TopicMarine and Offshore Engineering Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSugar industryCost analysisSecondary education
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Le modèle économique des sociétés modernes a longtemps privilégié la croissance à tout prix et au détriment du respect de la qualité de l’environnement. Dans les années 80, le concept de développement durable a conduit à l’émergence de nombreuses technologies environnementales permettant le tri et le recyclage des matières résiduelles ou encore le traitement des sols contaminés. Dans certains contextes particuliers, il n’existe encore aucune technologie adaptée disponible et la seule option envisageable est celle de l’enfouissement, solution temporaire consistant à déplacer la problématique dans l’espace et le temps. C’est le cas notamment des fines particules produites par les centres de tri de déchets de Construction, Rénovation et Démolition (CRD). Une grande hétérogénéité et des concentrations élevées en gypse et en matière organique ne permettent pas aux technologies actuelles d’en séparer efficacement les différents matériaux valorisables. Par conséquent, des centaines de milliers de tonnes sont enfouies annuellement entrainant la genèse de gaz toxiques. Dans les régions froides éloignées de l’Arctique Canadien, l’augmentation démographique et le manque de ressource entrainent de nombreux déversements de diesel, principale source énergétique locale. Les contraintes logistiques et les limitations climatiques rendent les technologies disponibles inefficaces. Les sols sont donc excavés puis transportés par bateau sur des milliers de kms pour être enfouis dans des régions tempérées. Ceci au détriment de l’impact sur le pergélisol, et moyennant la production de volumes importants de gaz à effet de serre. L’objectif général de ce projet de thèse consiste à mettre au point deux modèles de traitement adaptés aux problématiques mentionnées dans le but de proposer des alternatives compétitives et écoresponsables au mode de gestion par enfouissement. Le développement d’un procédé basé sur l’utilisation de techniques de séparation physiques, sous forme de train technologique et utilisant de l’eau de procédé, a permis de séparer efficacement les matériaux présents dans les fines de CRD en vue de leur valorisation dans des filières existantes. En parallèle, la mise au point d’une technologie d’oxydation in situ (ISCO) utilisant une solution de persulfate de sodium activé au peroxyde de calcium et distribuée par percolation de surface, a permis de dégrader efficacement le diesel, tout en limitant l’élévation de température, dans le sol de radier situé sous les unités d’habitation surélevées des Villages Nordiques du Nunavik. The economic model of modern societies has long only favored growth without considering the respect of the environment. Since the 1980s, the concept of sustainable development has led to the emergence of numerous environmental technologies that allow the sorting and recycling of residual materials and the treatment of contaminated soils. In some specific contexts, there is still no adapted technology available and the only available option is landfill, a temporary solution that consists of moving the problem in space and time. Such is the case for fine particles generated by the sorting facilities which manage Construction and Demolition (C&D) wastes. The significant heterogeneity and the high concentrations of gypsum and organic matter in these wastes do not allow current technologies to separate the different recyclable materials. As a result, hundreds of thousands of tons are landfilled annually, leading to the production of toxic gases. In the remote and cold regions of the Canadian Arctic, population growth and the lack of resources result in numerous spills of diesel fuel, the main local energy source. Logistical constraints and climatic limitations make available technologies ineffective. Soils are therefore excavated and transported by boat over thousands of kilometers to be landfilled in temperate regions. This is achieved without considering the impact on the residual permafrost, and produces large volumes of greenhouse gases. The general objective of this thesis project is to develop treatment models adapted to each of the above-mentioned problems, in order to propose competitive and environmentally responsible alternatives to the landfill management option. In the context of C&D wastes, the development of a process train based on the use of physical separation techniques, and using process water, effectively separated the different materials found in the C&D fines in order to reuse them in existing recovery channels. In parallel, the development of an in situ Chemical Oxidation technology (ISCO) using a solution of sodium persulfate activated with calcium peroxide and distributed by surface percolation, led to the effective degradation of diesel, while limiting temperature increase, in the raft foundation soil located under the stilted housing units located in northern villages.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.007

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.079
GPT teacher head0.338
Teacher spread0.259 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2021
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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