Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Distress, Alexithymia, and Spiritual Health in Cardiovascular Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) can be aggravated due to stress, depression, anxiety, emotional and spiritual problems. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on psychological distress, alexithymia, and spiritual health among women with CVD. Materials & Methods: The current research adopted a randomized controlled clinical trial, employing a pre-test-post-test design along with a control group. The statistical population comprised women with CVD residing in the 6th district of Tehran during August and September 2021. The research sample comprised 30 women with CVD who were selected using purposive sampling and divided into experimental groups (n=15) and control group (n=15). The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of ACT, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The data collection process included utilizing questionnaires to measure psychological distress, Toronto alexithymia, and spiritual health. The data collected were subsequently subjected to analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance SPSS-24. Results: The results showed that ACT significantly decreases anxiety (F=34.71, P=0.001, η2=0.63), stress (F=30.14, P=0.001, η2=0.60), depression (F=48.34, P=0.001, η2=0.71), difficulty identifying feelings (F=28.80, P=0.001, η2=0.59), difficulty describing feelings (F=44.30, P=0.001, η2=0.68), externally oriented thinking (F=36.50, P=0.001, η2=0.68), and increases existential health (F=37.69, P=0.001, η2=0.66), and religious health (F=24.56, P=0.001, η2=0.55) in women with CVD (P<0.01). Conclusion: ACT offers promising prospects for improving the psychological, emotional, and spiritual health of women living with CVD. By promoting acceptance, emotional awareness, and committed action, ACT empowers women to cope effectively with psychological distress, address alexithymia, and nurture their spiritual well-being.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".