Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study characterized the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes present in a collection of 'Escherichia coli, Klebsiella' spp., and ' Staphylococcus aureus' isolates from bovine mastitis cases in Canada. Ampicillin-resistant 'E. coli' isolates along with second-generation cephalosporin resistant 'Klebsiella' spp., any MRSA, and a collection of penicillin-resistant 'S. aureus' isolates were screened for the presence of AMR genes and, in the case of 'S. aureus ', also virulence genes. A high diversity of [beta]-lactamase genes was detected in 'E. coli' and 'Klebsiella' spp. mastitis isolates in comparison to those found in beef cattle fecal isolates by other researchers, and the ubiquitous 'bla'CMY-2 gene was found in bacteria from mastitis. The [beta]-lactam-resistant ' S. aureus' isolates contained many 'blaZ' gene variants. The first MRSA isolate from bovine mastitis in Canada was identified as ST8, a sequence type normally associated with humans.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".