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Record W7018164454

Conception d'un capteur optique distribué pour la détection de forme des instruments médicaux en chirurgie minimalement invasive

2023· other· fr· W7018164454 on OpenAlexfundno aff

Bibliographic record

VenuePolyPublie (École Polytechnique de Montréal) · 2023
Typeother
Languagefr
Field
Topic
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchBoston Scientific Corporation
KeywordsColonic diseaseVideo recordingMotion studyCongenital disease
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

RÉSUMÉ: Ce mémoire de maîtrise essaie de répondre aux défis techniques actuellement rencontrés lors des chirurgies minimalement invasives (CMI) pour le diagnostic et le traitement des maladies artérielles occlusives (MAO) et du cancer de la prostate. Les MAO, caractérisées par une obstruction des artères, peuvent avoir des conséquences mortelles, avec près d’un cinquième des patients présentant des obstructions totales. Par ailleurs, le cancer de la prostate, courant chez les hommes, est plus facile à traiter s’il est diagnostiqué tôt. Les CMI sont avantageuses car elles minimisent les traumatismes et accélèrent la guérison. En particulier, l’angioplastie transluminale percutanée (ATP) est une procédure couramment utilisée pour traiter les MAO, mais son efficacité est dépendante de la longueur des occlusions. Quant au cancer de la prostate, des procédures comme la biopsie ciblée et les thérapies focales sont employées. Cependant, le positionnement précis des instruments pendant ces interventions demeure un défi de taille. Comme solution, ce mémoire propose d’utiliser les capteurs à fibres optiques (CFO). En effet, les CFO offrent des avantages tels que l’immunité électromagnétique et la possibilité de détection multimodale. Plus précisément, la technique de réflectométrie optique en domaine fréquentiel (OFDR), qui permet des mesures en temps réel et à haute résolution de la déformation, sera à l’étude puisqu’elle est prometteuse pour l’amélioration de la précision et de l’efficacité des CMI. L’objectif principal de ce projet de maîtrise est donc de concevoir et de valider un nouveau CFO utilisant l’OFDR pour une détection distribuée de la forme des outils médicaux pendant les CMI. Pour atteindre cet objectif, ce mémoire aborde d’abord l’inscription au laser femtoseconde de longs réseaux distribués dans trois fibres optiques pour amplifier leur rapport signal-bruit (SNR), suivie de leur assemblage en un triplet au moyen d’un processus d’extrusion dans un polymère. Ensuite, le capteur a été introduit dans des instruments médicaux utilisés pendant les CMI, soit un cathéter et une aiguille chirurgicale, qui ont été les sujets de deux articles distincts. Les dispositifs ont par la suite été calibrés selon une méthodologie robuste, reproductible et adaptée aux instruments médicaux de différentes longueurs. Enfin, les performances de détection de forme ont été évaluées de manière rigoureuse à travers divers scénarios, en essayant différentes formes et différents milieux, allant des bancs d’essai aux tissus artificiels, et un échantillon animal ex vivo. ABSTRACT: This master’s thesis attempts to address the technical challenges currently encountered during minimally invasive surgical procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of occlusive arterial diseases and prostate cancer. Occlusive arterial diseases, characterized by clogged arteries, are potentially life-threatening, with nearly 20% of patients having total occlu-sions. As for prostate cancer, which is common in men, chances of successful treatment are higher when it is diagnosed early. Minimally invasive procedures are advantageous since they minimize trauma and accelerate recovery time. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is a frequent procedure that treats occlusions, although its effectiveness depends on the length of occlusions. As for prostate cancer, procedures such as targeted biopsy and focal therapies are often employed. However, precise positioning of instruments during these procedures remains a major challenge. To meet these challenges, this thesis investigates the use of fiber-optic sensors. Indeed, fiber-optic sensors offer advantages such as electromagnetic immunity and the possibility for multimodal detection. More specifically, optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR), a technique that enables real-time and high-resolution strain measurement, is used as it holds promise for improving the accuracy and efficiency of minimally invasive procedures. Therefore, the main objective of this master’s project is to design and validate a new fiber optic-based sensor using OFDR for distributed shape detection of medical tools during min-imally invasive procedures. To achieve this objective, the present work first discusses the femtosecond laser inscrip-tion of continuous random gratings into three optical fibres to increase their SNR, followed by their assembly into a triplet using a polymer extrusion process. Next, the built sensor was integrated into minimally invasive medical instruments, namely a catheter and a flexible surgical needle, that were the subjects of two separate papers. The resulting devices were cal-ibrated by following a robust and reproducible methodology, suitable for medical instruments of different lengths. Finally, the shape sensing performance was rigorously evaluated across a range of scenarios, involving different shapes and media, from test benches to artificial tissues, and an ex vivo animal sample.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.005
Threshold uncertainty score0.017

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.002
Scholarly communication0.0030.002
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0030.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.002

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.014
GPT teacher head0.251
Teacher spread0.237 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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