Discovery and Testing of Wheat Head Rachis Beneficial Microbes from Ancestral and Historic Wheats for Biocontrol of Fusarium graminearum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) remains vulnerable to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), a devastating grain disease primarily caused by the deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin-producing fungal pathogen F. graminearum Schwabe (Fg). Fg systematically infects grain via the rachis, the inflorescence stem that transports nutrients to developing seed. I hypothesized that the wheat rachis possesses a microbiome, including microbes with anti-Fg activity. I cultured rachis bacteria and fungi from a panel of winter wheat varieties encompassing 150 years of modern breeding in Western Canada, as well as from the extant ancestors of bread wheat. I tested these microbes for anti-Fg activity in vitro and in planta. The data suggest that the rachis is a valuable source of diverse beneficial microbes, both for biocontrol against FHB and possibly to promote grain head development. I discuss how rachis-derived biocontrol agents may be ideally adapted for use as wheat head sprays and represent novel technologies to combat FHB.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".