Effect of Freeze-thaw Cycles on Soil Properties and Phosphorus Dynamics in Southern Ontario Agricultural Soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Agricultural phosphorus (P) inputs to surface waters are a primary driver of surface water eutrophication. In agroecosystems that experience significant winters, P loss primarily occurs during the non-growing season (NGS). As air temperatures continue to warm, NGS hydrology is expected to change, leading to diminished snowpacks and soils being exposed to fluctuating temperatures, leading to an increase in soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs). This thesis aimed to investigate the effects of FTCs on soil P dynamics and transport and the soil physical properties that regulate soil P processes across three dominant agricultural soil textures in southern Ontario. The results suggest the effects of FTCs on soil properties and P processes are most notable in silt-textured soils, reducing soil aggregate stability and promoting the quantity of labile P. These changes in soil P processes did not promote dissolved reactive P (DRP) loading in subsurface discharge but may promote total P (TP) loading.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".