Geometrical aspects of the crystal chemistry of apatite: an analysis of calcium-lead fluoro-vanadinites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The incorporation of toxic heavy metals such as Pb, V, As, Zn, Cd, etc. into the apatite crystal structure is a potential solution to the problem of storage of these pollutants. For instance, apatite-type compounds are already applied to the treatment of lead-contaminated soils and waters (Chen et al. 1997; Zhang and Ryan 1999; Ioannidis and Zouboulis 2003) and are under consideration for the co-stabilization and recycling of incinerator ashes with industrial wastes (Taylor et al. 1998; Valsami-Jones 1998; Crannell et al. 2000; Dong et al. 2002; Dong and White 2004a,b; Kim et al. 2005). Therefore, an understanding of the stability relationships of apatites in terms of structure and chemical bonding is of interest.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".