Flow and sediment dynamics of continuous turbidity currents in Lillooet Lake, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examines turbidity currents, or sediment-laden underflows, generated by Lillooet River flowing into Lillooet Lake, British Columbia. Velocity was measured with acoustic velocimetry, and suspended sediment and grain-size using laser 'in situ' scattering transmissometry. Turbidity current thickness increased and suspended sediment concentration decreased lakeward from the river mouth as a result of entrainment and sediment deposition. Turbidity currents were composed primarily of fine particles (<63 [mu]m) which are responsible for sustaining the currents. Local wavelet analysis shows that the turbidity currents pulsate with periodicities of between ~4-32 s and of ~64 s, which are consistent with Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. Cross-wavelet analysis suggests that covariance between temporal changes in velocity and SSC is greatest at the interface as a result of the high levels of turbulence generated at this height. This study enhances our understanding of natural turbidity current dynamics and provides important data for testing laboratory and numerical models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".