Implicações da adopção do modelo de planeamento por capacidades
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As profundas alterações na conjuntura estratégica mundial, colocam novos e permanentes desafios à comunidade internacional. Agora os países devem estar aptos para responder a um grande número de cenários diferentes, difusos e incertos e actuar em circunstâncias envolvendo riscos complexos e indefinidos, o que torna mais difícil o processo de decisão relativo ao planeamento da qualidade e quantidade das forças militares dentro dos limites dos recursos disponíveis. As decisões devem garantir capacidades flexíveis. Por este motivo muitos países estão a adoptar o planeamento baseado em capacidades abandonando o planeamento baseado em cenários. O estudo debruça-se sobre este tema segundo cinco aspectos principais: mostrar a necessidade de planear por capacidades; caracterizar o modelo conceptual; conhecer alguns modelos postos em prática; caracterizar o actual sistema nacional e; dar contributos para um modelo de planeamento por capacidades nacional. Em primeiro lugar identificam-se as razões da necessidade de planear por capacidades, que decorrem das grandes alterações no contexto estratégico mundial, e também as suas vantagens. A caracterização do modelo de planeamento por capacidades permite identificar vários conceitos e doutrina nos quais se baseia, e ao mesmo tempo conhecer um modelo genérico de planeamento. A investigação efectuada levou à selecção e análise dos modelos postos em prática pela North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), pela União Europeia (UE) e pelo Canadá, que possuem características semelhantes e de cuja utilização decorrem algumas lições aprendidas. A caracterização do actual sistema de planeamento nacional contribui para identificar várias discrepâncias na documentação estruturante da Defesa Nacional e no sistema, permitindo concluir da adequabilidade do modelo de planeamento por capacidades aos referenciais do actual sistema. A adopção do modelo a nível nacional tem implicações no quadro da documentação estruturante e no quadro organizativo da Defesa Nacional, sendo formulados contributos e um projecto de modelo de planeamento por capacidades nacional com base nos modelos antes analisados. As conclusões sublinham que o modelo de planeamento por capacidades é adequado, exequível e aceitável, contribui para uma maior eficiência organizacional e um processo de planeamento mais simples, mais dinâmico e interactivo, proporciona uma visão conjunta de longo prazo das capacidades a planear para as Forças Armadas e tem algumas semelhanças com o modelo adoptado pela NATO. Abstract: The changes in the global strategic environment set up a constant stream of new challenges to the international community. Now the countries must be prepared to respond to a larger number of more diverse scenarios with varied attributes and to do so in circumstances involving complex and uncertain risks, making it more difficult to decide what quantities and qualities of forces are preferred within available resource limits. Decisions need to be based on assuring flexible capabilities. This is why many countries are changing from the scenario based planning to the capability-based planning. The paper addresses this subject in five main issues: to demonstrate the need to plan based on capabilities; to characterize the conceptual model; to know some of the models in use; to characterize the national planning system and; to propose some contributions to a national capability-based planning model. First, derived from the changes in the world strategic environment, the reasons to plan based on capabilities and also its advantages are identified. The characterization of the capability-based planning model allows to describe a number of concepts and doctrine on which is based and to know the generic planning model. The research made drive to the selection and analysis of the models in use by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), by the European Union (EU) and by Canada, with similar characteristics and from which some lessons are learned. The characterization of the national planning system helps to identify some discrepancies in the Defence structuring documents and in the system, driving to the conclusion that the capability-based planning model is suitable to be used within the national framework. The adoption of the model has consequences in the National Defence driving documents and in the departmental organization, and therefore some proposals and a capability-based planning model project are submitted, taking into account the models studied. The conclusions point out the suitability, feasibility and acceptability of the capability-based planning model, which helps in the organizational efficiency and in a simpler, dynamic and interactive planning process, gives a long term joint vision of the capabilities to be planned for the Portuguese Armed Forces and has some similarities with the NATO model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.029 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".