Indices Of Airway Function In In-Season Collegiate Swimmers Over Eight Weeks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The repeated exposure to disinfectant by-products in swimming pool environments may worsen pulmonary function and contribute to symptoms of exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in swimmers. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively examine whether spirometric indicators of pulmonary function change over an indoor swim season in competitive collegiate swimmers and to perform a pilot investigation on the efficacy of fish-oil supplementation in swimmers with EIB over the course of 8 weeks. Competitive swimmers (n=13, 18-25 years of age) were recruited for participation in the study. Swimmers underwent pulmonary function and submaximal exercise testing before and after an eight-week period. Pulmonary function was assessed at 3 and 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and t-test in the SPSS data software. Researchers observed no significant changes in pulmonary function or EIB over the course of an 8-week swim season. A better understanding of treatments for asthma and EIB symptoms is needed to help abate long term respiratory limitations that may occur due to pool environment exposure. It is also important to further exam pool quality standards to provide a safe and healthy pool environment for these athletes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".