L'émergence de l'espace public à Barcelone au cours du XXe siècle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The city is not a stable, static entity; therefore, it continues its transformation throughout time, and this conversion is reflected on public spaces which connect the city’s past with its present and future. Public space serves as an icon that reflects the identity of the society as well as being the most powerful visual connection between land, buildings and human. In the entire history of human settlement, public space has been the basic element of formation.Hence, this research aims to examine the natural, cultural, social development of Barcelona by means of presenting the relations of public space with identity, culture, tradition, politics, memory and time, especially through approaches and works of two important actors in the 20th century urban history of the city: Nicolau M. Rubió i Tudurí and Oriol Bohigas i Guardiola.The basis of this research has been examining the evaluation of urban structure within scale of public space, and perceiving the elements that emerged it. Books, texts, articles,drawings, photographs, historical and contemporary maps, reports, politicians’ speeches, City Council records, newspapers, architectural databases and city archives have been the primary source materials for this study.First chapter briefly explains the notion of “public space”, its importance as an urban element, its functions, benefits, and multiple dimensions.Second chapter presents the main subject of this research through an overall approach on public space in Barcelona whilst connecting Pre-War and Post-Franco periods.Third chapter establishes a general scheme on public space projects of first quarter of 20th century in Barcelona, with a focus on Cerdà’s Eixample.As of the fourth chapter, Rubió i Tudurí’s projects during his assignment as director of parks and gardens of the City Council and urban transformation of Montjuïc are presented. Similarly, fifth chapter provides works of Bohigas and projects of Post-Franco period as Vila Olímpica, second transformation of Montjuïc for 1992 Olympic Games, and renovations in Ciutat Vella.Sixth chapter represents a glance to Post-Olympic period in Barcelona, including transformation of Poblenou and Besòs area as well as mentioning current plans as Superilles and Pla del Verd i de la Biodiversitat de Barcelona 2020.Finally, conclusion of the study, provides a final evaluation on the research carried out, with clear definitions regarding the hypothesis while emphasising the importance of the context in terms of city’s past, present and future.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".