Le développement du droit du commerce intérieur canadien à la lumière de la mondialisation des échanges commerciaux
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Globalisation of international trade brought a boost to the Canadian economy during the past quarter century, by Canada 's participation in a number of free trade agreements and through its membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO). While Canada 's exporters are successfully selling their products and services abroad, many businesses selling their own within Canada face multiple obstacles to internal trade, notably due the presence of interprovincial trade barriers. Although effort have been undertaken to reduce or eliminate these barriers originating from legislation, regulations and public policy, many obstacles to internal trade within Canada are still present, particularly in certain sectors such as labour, transportation and procurement. These trade barriers harm Canada 's productivity and economic competitiveness and undermine our country 's reputation within an international economic system that is becoming more and more competitive. Through this essay, the author discusses the presence of barriers to Canadian infernal trade, while studying their nature along with their judicial and constitutional interpretation by the Supreme Court of Canada. Next, the author studies the various methods undertaken within Canada to reduce its barriers to internal trade , while comparing them with those used to reduce barriers to international trade and methods used by other States to reduce their own internal trade barriers. Finally, the author proposes ideas to resolve ongoing issues in Canadian internal trade law, inspired by principles and rules contained in international trade law and comparative constitutional law.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.034 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".