Measurement of particle dynamics in a coherent acoustic field
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A variety of forces can be used to separate fine particles from water in industrial processes. A coherent standing acoustic field can apply a pressure difference across a small particle such that the particle is forced to nodes or anti-nodes in the field depending of particle/liquid properties. The motion of an individual particle is the result of the balance of forces on the particle which can include particle-to-particle interactions. This study develops a method to measure individual particle motion using a particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) approach. This method is used to investigate the effects of particle loading in an acoustic field and is used to test the current theory which only addresses single particle motion. The paper focuses on the application and validation of a PTV-based experiential measurement technique used to determine the forces applied on individual particles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it