Particle quantification of influenza viruses by high performance liquid chromatography using CIM® anion exchange monolithic column
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using a strong anion exchange monolithic column based on convective interaction media) CIM® technology was developed for the particle quantification of influenza viruses. The virus which was specifically detected by native fluorescence eluted in 5.55 min at 1.5 M NaCl gradient in 20 mM Tris-HCl + o.01% Zwittergent, pH 8.0 in a total analysis time of 13.5 min. The linearity of a curve was demonstrated for all inluenza virus investigated with a good correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.995. Among all the virus investigated, the detection limit of the method ranged between 2.07x108 and 4.35x109 while the quantification limit ranged between 6.90x108 and 1.45x1010 virus particle per ml (VP/ml), respectively. The intra- and inter-assay precision of the method were less than 5% and 10% respectively. The method which was developed using sucrose cushion purified influenza viruses was shown to be suitable in the analysis of cell culture supernatants making it an ideal in-process monitoring tool to facilitate the development of influenza vaccine manufacturing processes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".