The pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis in a multiple dose in vitro pharmacodynamic model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The phannacodynarnics of antibiotics against Staphyiococrus epidemidis have not been well characterized.We compared the activities of clinically relevant regimens of trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, and vancomycin using a multiple dose, in vitro infection model.An analysis of pharmacodynamic parameters as predictors of antibacterial outcome was also done, based on antibiotics, and antibiotic classes.Four clinical isolates of S. epidermidis including two methicillin-sensitive and two methicillinresistant strains were studied in a one compartment, in vitro pharmacodynamic model.Doses equivalent to trovafloxacin 400 mg, 200 mg and 100 mg every 24h, ciprofloxacin 400 mg every 12h, cefazoiin 2 g every 8h and vancomycin 1 g every 12h were adrninistered.Free plasma concentrations in humans were targeted.Sarnples were collected and bacterial colony counts were determined at fiequent time points over 48 h.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".