Punjabi immigrant women’s experiences of breast cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is a notable absence of women from specific ethnocultural groups, including South Asians, in the published breast cancer research. The breast cancer experiences of Punjabi immigrant women, who represent the most populace group of South Asians in British Columbia, need to be understood in order to provide culturally appropriate cancer care. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the ways Punjabi immigrant women told stories of having breast cancer in order to uncover how they made sense of their experiences. The cultural and social world reflected in women's stories was also considered. This investigation was a secondary analysis of interview data collected for a larger study investigating South Asian women's experiences of self-discovered breast changes. In-depth, open-ended interviews with twelve Punjabi immigrant women who had breast cancer within the last eight years were available for this study. A combination of narrative analysis strategies were used to guide this secondary analysis, focussing on stories the Punjabi women constructed. Four storylines emerged from the analysis reflecting different constructions of experiences of breast cancer. The storylines were: dealing with just another health problem, surviving a family tragedy, living with never-ending fear and suffering, and learning a lesson from God. The minor theme, "being part of a close-knit family," illustrated the collective experience of breast cancer within the family and highlighted the family context as the most pronounced influence on the women's experiences. The detailed storylines suggest that Punjabi women's constructions of breast cancer are influenced by traditional family roles and expectations, spiritual beliefs, perceptions of breast cancer as treatable/untreatable, fears of speaking about breast cancer, and difficulties with translation and communication. These findings provide valuable insights for health care professionals into how culturally appropriate cancer care might address the needs of Punjabi women with breast cancer and their families.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".