Possible roots of the pure land Buddhist notion of practice in light of some early Buddhist sources
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many constitutive ideas of Pure Land Buddhism can be found even in the earliest strata of Buddhist texts, such as the Pāli canon. They concern the characteristics of the Buddha, descriptions of some idealised lands as well as a set of practices and attitudes leading to rebirth in such lands. I will illustrate that several seminal ideas of these practices and attitudes, like faith (p. pasanna, saddhā), vows (p. paṇidhi) or recollections (p. anussati), are connected in the Pāli canon with householders or with monks of minor abilities and are oriented towards the goal of reaching heaven instead of attaining nirvana. The development of practice in the Pure Land tradition may thus be seen as a consequence of (a) putting emphasis on Early Buddhist practices leading to easy rebirth in heaven as well as (b) adapting these to new ideas in cosmology, thus replacing heavens with pure lands. The paper is an expanded version of the presentation delivered at the international conference “The Pure Land in Buddhist Cultures: History, Image, Praxis, Thought” held in Vancouver in 2013.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".