The Situation of Children in Immigrant Families in the United Kingdom
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The foreign-born population in the United Kingdom reached 4.9 million in 2001, representing 8.3% of the total population. Around 2.1 million children (16.3% of all children) were in immigrant families. A fifth of these children were foreign born. The remainder were born in the United Kingdom of at least one foreign-born parent. More than 40% were in families from Asia, around 20 per cent in families from Africa and around 20% in families from other countries in Europe. Bangladesh, Jamaica, India and Pakistan are some of the main countries of origin. The aim of this report is to examine the situation of children in immigrant families in the United Kingdom based on research evidence and new analysis of the most recently available census data in 2001. The report includes research and data relating to all children in immigrant families, including foreign-born children who have immigrated to the United Kingdom and children who each have been born in the United Kingdom to at least one foreign born parent at the time of census 2001. The families fall into a variety of immigration categories, including refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants who have come to the United Kingdom to work or study or to join family members and who have permission to remain on a temporary or permanent basis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".