"Standing up is a little thing that's actually a big thing" : a mixed methods investigation of the use of Oswestry standing frames in the homes of people with severe multiple sclerosis
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim Weakness and poor balance can limit opportunities for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) to engage with standing activities. This can lead to deconditioning and other secondary complications of inactivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of regular standing in an Oswestry frame on some secondary complications of inactivity and exptore the lived experience of using a standing frame Method A mixed-methods study was undertaken over 48 weeks using 9 people with severe MS. Quantitative strand - multiple-baseline, single-case experiments were used. Outcomes: Amended Motor Club Assessment, Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Penn Spasm Scale, bowel frequency and pain scale. Qualitative strand - a case study approach with a phenomenological perspective explored the experiences of living with MS, using a frame and self-managed standing. Findings A significant improvement (p<O.05) was demonstrated for 8 participants in motor ability, 7 participants in activities of daily-living- (ADl) and- Z participants in spasm frequency-. Ntt change was seen in constipation or pain. Subjective improvements occurred in bowel and bladder control, clonus, fall-rate and breathing. Initial qualitative themes included loss of ADL, diminution of roles and fear of the future. Being upright or being strengthened by standing enabled participants to re-engage with some ADl, made them feel normal- and re-established them wtthin- some relationship roles. This engendered a sense of achievement and increased optimism about the future. Self- management of standing was feasible. Conclusion This preliminary study provides evidence of the benefits of regular frame standing in improving motor-ability, AOl and spasms in people with severe MS. This self-managed intervention also reinstated a sense of belonging and optimism about the future by restoring important life-roles and feelings of normality as subjects regained previously valued activities. Mixed-methods may be a useful approach for eliciting a broader view of the effects of a therapeutic intervention.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it