Student-Athlete Mental Health: University of Montana Case Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research suggests that Division I college-student athletes experience higher levels of stress and other behavioral health issues than their non-athlete counterparts, with up to 20% of them suffering from depression (Sudano et al., 2017). Two studies on student athletes’ well-being conducted in 2020, reported that athletes continue to report higher levels of mental health concerns (Johnson, 2022). Since the fall of 2020, rates of mental exhaustion, depression, and anxiety have improved minimally with rates remaining 1.5 to two times higher than reported before the COVID-19 pandemic (Johnson, 2022). Naomi Osaka withdrawing from the French Open in 2021 and Simone Biles withdrawing from the 2020 Tokyo Olympics to prioritize their mental health brought attention, and even some backlash towards the idea that athletics may need to withdraw from competitions to prioritize their mental health. Stanford soccer player Katie Myer taking her own life by suicide in her dorm room started a national social media campaign in the United States, advocating for mental health concerns to be addressed for collegiate athletes in 2022. The need for mental health issues to be addressed has been expressed, yet college athletes are not seeking help. When asked if they would feel comfortable seeking health from a mental health expert on their respective college campus, less than half of women’s and men’s National College Athletic Association (NCAA) sports participants answered they would agree or strongly agree with that statement (Johnson, 2022). The University of Montana athletic department is not immune from this phenomenon; student-athletes at the University of Montana have expressed that they too suffer from mental health issues. Yet, Grizzly Athletics offers free counseling sessions to student-athletes, while these slots regularly remain unfilled. “There is a growing awareness of the importance of mental health care in NCAA student-athletes; however, there is a lack of literature on mental health resources in collegiate settings” (Sudano et al., 2017). The University of Montana can act as a case study for college athletic institutions similar in size. The purpose of this research is to better understand if collegiate athletes struggle with mental health, if so why, what resources would meet their needs, and how to make them helpful and accessible. The goal of the case study investigation is to unveil the reason why mental health resources go unused and find possible solutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".