Trade Rules: Ethyl Corporation v. Canada (NAFTA Chapter 11) - Part 1: Claim and Award on Jurisdiction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Trade talks collapse for a second time, CANADIAN PRESS, Oct. 20, 1998.10. "The investor-state provisions of chapter 11 expand on the provisions of the standard United States bilateral investment treaty as well as the similar provisions in Canadian foreign investment protection agreements.They are also similar to the investor-state dispute settlement provisions proposed in the OECD's draft multilateral agreement on investment (MAI)."J. Anthony VanDuzer, Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?, CAN.Y.B. INT'L L. 263, 267 (1997).11.The Council of Canadians is the prominent voice.See .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.011 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".